Mongolia is located in Northern Asia and is the world’s 18th largest country in terms of area. It’s situated between China to the south and Russia to the north. Mongolia is the least densely populated country in the world with just 5 people per square mile. The capital and largest city of Mongolia is Ulaanbaatar, which is also the world’s coldest capital. Other major cities are Erdenet, Darkhan, and Choibalsan.